Tongue-tie and lip-tie are common conditions present at birth that can affect a baby's ability to feed, as well as oral development as they grow.
Tongue-tie occurs when the strip of tissue (lingual frenulum) connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth is shorter, thicker, or tighter than usual. Normally, this tissue separates before birth, allowing the tongue a full range of motion. When it remains attached, tongue movement can become restricted.
Lip-tie occurs when the tissue (labial frenulum) connecting the upper lip to the gums is unusually tight or thick. This can limit the upper lip's movement, making it difficult for infants to achieve a proper latch during breastfeeding or bottle-feeding.
When identified and treated early, tongue-tie and lip-tie typically do not interfere with a child's growth and development. However, if left untreated, they may contribute to feeding difficulties, poor weight gain, speech concerns, oral hygiene challenges, dental issues, or gaps between the front teeth.
Signs of tongue-tie and lip-tie include:
- Difficulty latching during breastfeeding or bottle-feeding
- Frequent feeding sessions or poor milk transfer
- Clicking sounds while feeding
- Gassiness due to swallowing excess air
- Poor weight gain or difficulty thriving
- Restriction of tongue movement, making it harder to breastfeed
- Difficulty lifting the tongue or moving it from side to side
- Difficulty sticking the tongue out
- A tongue that appears notched or heart-shaped when extended
- An upper lip that cannot be easily flanged outward during feeding
Treatment of Tongue-Tie and Lip-Tie
Treatment for tongue-tie and lip-tie is a simple procedure called a frenectomy. During the procedure, your child's doctor carefully examines the affected frenulum and uses a laser to gently release the restrictive tissue. The procedure is quick, precise, and typically requires only a local anesthetic. Stitches are usually not necessary, and most infants can feed shortly after treatment. Releasing the tethered tissue can improve feeding function, oral mobility, and support healthy oral development.